「就労ビザ」は、日本で働くために必要な在留資格の通称です。厳密には、ビザ（査証）は在外公館（大使館や領事館）で発給され、日本への入国を許可するための「推薦状」のようなものです。一方、在留資格は、日本に上陸後、法務大臣から与えられる「日本に滞在して特定の活動を行うことができる資格」を指します。一般的に、この在留資格を取得することを「ビザを取る」と呼ぶことが多いですが、本ページでも皆様に馴染みのある「就労ビザ」という言葉を総称として使用し、解説を進めていきます。専門性や職種、企業の規模などによって様々な種類の在留資格があり、ご自身のキャリアプランに合ったビザを取得することが、日本での活動を成功させるための第一歩となります。
A "work visa" is the general term for the status of residence you need to work in Japan. Strictly speaking, a visa is issued by an overseas embassy or consulate and is like a letter of recommendation that grants permission to enter Japan. In contrast, a status of residence is a qualification granted by the Minister of Justice upon your arrival in Japan, which allows you to stay and engage in specific activities. Although people often say "get a visa" when referring to obtaining this status of residence, this page will use the more common term "work visa" for general purposes. There are many different types of statuses of residence, categorized by your expertise, job, and the size of the company. Obtaining the right visa for your career plan is the first step toward a successful life in Japan.
・技術・人文知識・国際業務
・Engineer / Specialist in Humanities / International Services
| 対象者 |
|---|
| 大学などで学んだ専門的な知識・技術を活かして働く方。ITエンジニア、通訳、デザイナー、営業、企画職など。 |
| Who it's for |
|---|
| People who use specialized knowledge and skills gained from a university or other higher education to work in a Japanese company. This includes IT engineers, translators/interpreters, designers, sales representatives, and planners. |
| 特徴 |
|---|
| 最も一般的な就労ビザです。専門性と職務内容の関連性が重要となります。 |
| Key Features |
|---|
| This is the most common type of work visa. It's crucial that your area of expertise is directly related to your job duties. |
・特定技能
・Specified Skilled Worker
| 対象者 |
|---|
| 介護、建設、農業、製造業など、人手不足が深刻な特定産業分野で即戦力として働く方。 |
| Who it's for |
|---|
| People who will work as ready-to-work professionals in specific industries with severe labor shortages, such as nursing care, construction, agriculture, and manufacturing. |
| 特徴 |
|---|
| 技能試験や日本語試験の合格が要件となります。 |
| Key Features |
|---|
| Passing a skills test and a Japanese language test is required. |
・経営・管理
・Business Manager
| 対象者 |
|---|
| 日本で会社を設立・経営する方、または事業の管理を行う方。 |
| Who it's for |
|---|
| People who will establish and manage a company in Japan, or manage a business. |
| 特徴 |
|---|
| 500万円以上の投資や、事業所の確保などが要件となります。 |
| Key Features |
|---|
| Requirements include an investment of at least 5 million yen and securing an office space. |
・技能
・Skilled Labor
| 対象者 |
|---|
| 熟練した技能を持つ方。外国料理の料理人、航空機の操縦士、スポーツ指導者など。 |
| Who it's for |
|---|
| People with a high level of expertise, such as foreign cuisine chefs, aircraft pilots, and sports coaches. |
| 特徴 |
|---|
| 10年以上の実務経験（料理人の場合は国籍により例外あり）が求められることが多いです。 |
| Key Features |
|---|
| This visa often requires at least 10 years of professional experience (with exceptions for chefs based on nationality). |
・高度専門職
・Highly Skilled Professional
| 対象者 |
|---|
| 高度な専門能力を持つと認められた方。ポイント制で評価されます。 |
| Who it's for |
|---|
| People who are recognized as having advanced professional abilities. They are evaluated based on a points system. |
| 特徴 |
|---|
| 在留期間や永住許可の要件が優遇されるなど、メリットが多いビザです。 |
| Key Features |
|---|
| This visa offers many advantages, such as preferential treatment for the period of stay and the requirements for permanent residency. |